Labor efficiency in agricultural enterprises: indicators, trends, increasing strategy
Abstract
The article has been further developed the recommendations for increasing labor efficiency in agricultural enterprises. The peculiarities and role of labor in the agricultural sector have been revealed. Various conceptual approaches to assessing labor efficiency, indicators and factors of its provision have been considered. It has been substantiated that labor productivity not only characterizes the efficiency of the enterprise’s personnel, but also shows the general results of social development and the country’s rating on a global scale.
It has been substantiated that a significant labor productivity increase is positive in terms of economic efficiency; however, such trends have negative social consequences, as the need for staff decreases. To assess the personnel use effectiveness of the worldwide, indicators such as the production of GDP at purchasing power parity per capita and GDP at purchasing power parity per person-hour have been evaluated. Leaders among European countries in terms of labor efficiency have been identified. These include Ireland, Norway, Luxembourg, France, the Netherlands, Denmark, Switzerland, Sweden, Austria and the United Kingdom.
A research of labor efficiency trends in agriculture has been carried out. It has been found that in 2019 the share of workers employed in agriculture on average in the world was 26.9 %, which is 16.8 percentage points less than in 1991. The share of agricultural employment in European countries, which are leaders in the level of labor efficiency, ranges from 0.961 % in Belgium to 6.873 % in Lithuania, the highest labor productivity in agriculture is observed in Denmark – 216.68 million EUR per worker, labor productivity in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine has been twice lower than in Latvia and 20 times lower than in Denmark.
The main strategy to increase labor efficiency in agricultural enterprises should be a balanced approach to ensuring economic, social and environmental efficiency.
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