CURRENT TRENDS AND CHALLENGES OF THE DAIRY INDUSTRY IN UKRAINE
Abstract
The article examines the main reasons for the decline in the level of development of the dairy industry in Ukraine during the active military phase. The situation in dairy cattle breeding, milk production, export potential, and the main export markets of Ukrainian dairy products are determined, and the advantages of the development of the dairy industry for the entire food industry of Ukraine are indicated. The dynamics of milk and dairy product exports in April-May 2023 were studied, considering the reasons for the decrease in supplies and the consequences for the country's domestic market. The influence of cheap imports of dairy products on the national production of the domestic market is analyzed. The reasons for the reduction in cattle and the consumption of milk and dairy products in households have been established and analyzed. As a result of the decrease in the number of cows, the statistics of milk yield reduction as of May 1, 2023, and compared to May 1, 2022, are given. Consider the volume of milk production in January-April 2023 in farms of all categories. The dynamics of the export of dairy products in monetary terms were studied. 2018-2023, the considered problems are related to the decrease in purchase prices for milk due to the losses of dairy farms, which faced additional costs due to the war, the reduction of agricultural land, and the introduction of temporary bans on the import of Ukrainian agricultural products into the EU. The purpose and expected result of adopting the draft laws have been defined: "On industry financing of programs for the promotion of dairy products and the development of innovations based on the principle of commodity deductions." Several other bills and state support to solve the problem of the shortage of investment capital in the conditions of post-war recovery. This will ensure the creation of vertically integrated structures in the dairy industry as a promising direction for developing highly efficient and financially stable enterprises that can work profitably even in another overproduction crisis. They will also restore the national dairy industry during the military aggression and ensure its rapid development in the post-war period.
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